What laser is

Lasers have been used in eye surgery for many years. Even though many people learned about it from the procedure for correcting myopia (LASIK), which has had an enormous diffusion, different types of laser have been used for some time for curing various eye conditions.

The word laser comes from the initials of “Light Amplification by Stimulation Emission of Radiation”. A laser is a concentrated ray of light created when an electrical current passes through special material.

The name and color of the laser depends on the type of material:

· Argon gas: blue-green light;
· Krypton gas: red or yellow light;
· YAG (Yttrium aluminum garnet): invisible infrared light.

Laser rays can be used in different ways on the eyes: Thermic: Light is converted into heat when it comes in contact with the eye.

The heat is used for:
· Cauterizing blood vessels (veins and arteries) with hemorrhages or with fluid leaks;
· Destroy abnormal tissues, as tumors.
· Adhere a retina to the back of the eye.

Photo-disruptive: The light cuts or molds tissues similarly to a knife or scalpel. It is used for cutting thin membranes that block vision; modifying the superficial shape of the eye.

Photo-dynamic: acts for activating another active principle. It is used for the treatment of conditions in very delicate zones, as the macula. It is used in combination with a medicine that is injected to the patient’s bloodstream through the arm: when it arrives at the macula it is activated by a laser and thus achieves to seal abnormal vessels.

Collaborated in this article: Ocular Surgery Foundation

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